Carbon Footprint
Carbon Footprint Verification Report of Energy-efficient Aluminum-wrapped Wooden Windows of Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd.
Shandong Luyuan Energy Certification Technology Engineering Co., Ltd.
September 15, 2023
Chapter I Company Profile
1.1 Preface
Product carbon footprint evaluation can provide an intuitive and comprehensive reflection of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with a product. It is an essential aspect of greenhouse gas emission reduction. Through product carbon footprint evaluation, companies can cope with international trade barriers and meet customer requirements, promote exports and sales, adapt to changes in domestic policies and markets, and maintain long-term competitive advantages. Additionally, product carbon footprint evaluation helps companies comprehensively control and manage greenhouse gas emissions, reduce operating costs, participate in carbon trading, generate additional revenue, assume corresponding social responsibilities, enhance brand value, and foster a positive corporate image.
In this report, the product carbon footprint refers to the carbon emissions within the system boundary of the energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden window production by Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd. The final result is represented as the sum of various greenhouse gas emissions, measured in CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent).
1.2 Company Introduction
Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the R&D, design, production, and sales of customized energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows. The Company's main products include energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows, curtain walls, and sunrooms.
Energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows are primarily used to meet medium and high-end demand in the architectural external window market, where the Company provides customization services to meet the individual needs of different customers while striving for energy savings and efficiency. With years of experience in the energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden window industry, the Company has formed a complete production line for customization, a well-established marketing network, and an excellent service system. After 25 years of development, the Company has become a national high-tech enterprise, a national-level technology innovation demonstration enterprise, a national key leading enterprise in forestry, and a provincial-level patent advantage demonstration enterprise. The Company's products have obtained certificates successively from various authorities, such as Europe's CE certification, Japan's fire-resistive building material certification, China's energy conservation certification by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and Germany's passive house component certification. The Company holds a domestic market share of about 25% and is a leading enterprise in the domestic energy-efficient wooden window industry. The Company went public on the Growth Enterprise Market of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on September 26, 2022, with the stock abbreviation: Sayyas Windows and the stock code: 301227.
In 2020, the Company was recognized as one of the "specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in Heilongjiang Province" by the Department of Industry and Information Technology of Heilongjiang Province which also recognized the Company's Shuangcheng workshop as a "digital (intelligent) demonstration workshop" in the same year and added the Company in January 2021 to the first batch of "hidden champions in manufacturing in Heilongjiang Province".
Address: Wanggang Town, Nangang District, Harbin City. Please refer to Figure 1-1 for the Company's geographical location.
Figure 1-1 Geographical location of Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd.
1.3 Policy Statement
In response to the environmental impact resulting from excessive greenhouse gas emissions and in compliance with the national low-carbon and energy-saving policies and the certification of low-carbon products, the Company voluntarily conducts the verification of the carbon footprint of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden window products. This initiative enables the Company to gain a comprehensive understanding of the greenhouse gas emissions throughout the entire life cycle of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows, facilitating better control over the total emissions. It also allows the Company to participate in carbon trading for additional proceeds, fulfill its social responsibilities, and foster a positive corporate image.
1.4 Basis for Report Compilation
This Report is prepared based on PAS 2050:2008. Specification for the Assessment of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Goods and Services.
1.5 Products Covered by the Report
This Report focuses on the carbon emissions within the life cycle system boundary of the energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows produced by Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd.
Chapter II Data Verification and System Boundary
2.1 Description of Products and Functional Units
The subjects of this product carbon footprint verification are the aluminum-wrapped wooden windows produced by Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd.
2.2 Product Carbon Footprint Calculation Methodology
According to the requirements of PAS 2050:2008. Specification for the Assessment of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Goods and Services and based on the purpose of this verification and the current situation in China, the carbon footprint of the products will be calculated using the emission factor method. Emission factors are mainly from the database of life cycle assessment software LCA Gabi6. Greenhouse gases in this verification include CO2, N2O, and CH4.
Emission factors are mainly from the database of life cycle assessment software LCA Gabi6. Greenhouse gases in this verification include CO2, N2O, and CH4.
2.3 Determination of System Boundary
Following the general principle of including all substantial emissions from product units, the requirements of PAS 2050 and BS ISO 14040 standards, and the purposes of this verification, the system boundary is the partial GHG emission information of “cradle-to-gate” within the life cycle system of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows produced by Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd. The product’s life cycle only refers to the period when raw materials are processed into products and products reach new organizations, including being distributed and transported to customers’ locations. It does not include additional manufacturing steps and product distribution, retail, and consumer use or disposal/recycling.
This verification focuses on two stages: the production of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows (including extraction and production of raw materials) and transportation, highlighting the production of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows.
2.4 Production Process of Energy-efficient Aluminum-wrapped Wooden Windows
Figure 2. Flow Chart of Production Process
2.5 Definition of Substantiality
According to PAS2050, non-substantial emissions can be excluded. That is, any single source accounting for less than 1% of the total emissions can be excluded, but the total proportion of non-substantial emission sources should not surpass 5% of the overall product carbon footprint.
Chapter III Product Carbon Footprint Calculation
3.1 Analysis of Raw Materials for Energy-efficient Aluminum-wrapped Wooden Windows
The main raw materials for producing energy-saving aluminum-clad wooden windows are wood, aluminum, glass, etc.
3.2 Quantification Methods
1. Priciple of Qualification
The "emission factor method" is mainly used to calculate the emissions of various raw materials, energy, and electricity.
The calculation formula is as follows:
Usage (activity intensity) × emission factors × GWP (China greenhouse gas emission coefficient for product life cycle) = CO2 equivalents
(1) Converting the units into tonnes for weight and liters for volumes according to the sources of different greenhouse gases.
(2) The calculation of different emission sources is based on the emission factors provided in the Gabi6 database. The emission factors provided in the Gabi6 database have already been converted to CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent), so no further conversion is necessary.
(3) The energy takes emission factors in IPCC2006, and the electricity takes emission factors released by the National Grid. The final calculation results are converted to CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent).
2. Calculation Methold of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
(1) Carbon emissions of raw materials
CO2 emissions from product use × emission factor (Gabi6 database)
(2) Energy and electricity
CO2 emissions from energy and electricity use × emission factor × GWP
3.3 Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The main greenhouse gas emission sources are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
Table 2 Statistics of Emission Sources of Main Raw Materials
| No. | Description | Consumption in 2022 (t) | Greenhouse gas emission factor (tCO2e/t) | Greenhouse gas emissions (tCO2e) |
| 1 | Glass | 13204.17 | 1.30 | 17165.42 |
| 2 | Aluminum materials | 2186.10 | 15.80 | 34540.38 |
| 3 | Wood | 8043.75 | 1.366 | 10987.76 |
| Total | 62693.56 | |||
Table 3 Statistics of Main Energy Emission Sources
|
No. |
Energy name |
Quantity |
Greenhouse gas emissions (tCO2e) |
| 1 | Natural gas | 1,071,439 Nm3 | 2316.65 |
| 2 | Diesel | 19.631t | 61.74 |
| 3 | Electricity | 12304.600MWh | 9559.44 |
| Total | 11937.84 | ||
To sum up, the carbon emission of Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd. in 2022 was 431,774m2, and the carbon footprint per unit product was 0.173tCO2e/m2. The contribution proportion of cumulative carbon footprint over the life cycle shows that the carbon emissions of products are mainly concentrated in raw materials.
3.4 Explanation for Exemption from Quantification
1. According to “6.2 cradle-to-gate partial greenhouse gas emission information” in PAS 2050, downstream emissions shall not be included in the system boundary of this carbon footprint calculation. Therefore, carbon footprints in the distribution/retail, consumer use, and disposal/recycling stages of energy-efficient aluminum-wrapped wooden windows will not be calculated.
2. The quantification of accessories is exempted due to their small consumption amount.
3.5 Emission Factor Management
The principle of using emission factors is prioritizing emission factors measured or calculated through the mass-balance approach, followed by emission factors in the national region or outside. If there are no emission factors applicable, emission factors from international announcements can also be used. Currently, except for purchased electricity that uses national emission factors, others have no measured factors or applicable emission factors. Hence, they will instead use the footprint emission factors of raw materials of the LCA Gabi6 software database.
Emissions from energy use will take emission factors of IPCC 2006, while emissions from electricity use will refer to emission factors of the China Regional Grid Baseline Emission Factors for the 2019 Emission Reduction Project.
3.6 Data Quality Management
PAS 2050 does not specify or require any uncertainty check, so such a check is optional. This verification uses the method of ISO14064-1 for quality management of enterprise greenhouse gas inventory data.
For uncertainty analysis, the scoring approach is mainly used, with the following considerations:
(1) Activity level data (primary data and secondary data)
(2) Selection of emission factors (measurement, regional, domestic and international)
(3) Measurement conditions of activity data (qualified, unqualified or unidentified instrument verification)
(I) Principles of data quality management
The quality management of verification data should comply with the requirements of the standards and the principles of relevance, completeness, consistency, transparency and accuracy
(1) Verification quality management personnel: Generally, the greenhouse gas verification team is responsible for the verification quality management. The team is responsible for coordinating good interactions between relevant departments, factories and external relevant agencies, and units or projects.
(2) Carry out process control: Develop a greenhouse gas verification process to ensure the integrity and accuracy of greenhouse gas emission sources and data collection.
(3) Implement general A quality verification: Carry out appropriate quality verification for general errors that are easily caused by negligence during the data collection/input/processing, data archiving and emission measurement processes.
(4) Conduct specific quality verification: Verify whether the determination of verification boundaries is appropriate, recalculation, accuracy of input data for specific emission sources, and qualitative analysis of the main causes of data uncertainty.
(II) Introduction to general and specific quality verification
1 The quality verification contents of general greenhouse gas verification are shown in the following table.
Table 4 Quality Verification Contents of General Greenhouse Gas Verification
| Verification Stage | Work Contents |
| Data collection, input and processing |
1. Check whether the input and copying are wrong.
2. Check the completeness of filling or any omission.
3. Ensure that appropriate electronic record control has been implemented.
|
| Data creation file |
1. Confirm the sources of all primary data (including reference data) in the table.
2. The references cited in the test have been filed.
3. Check that the selected assumptions and criteria applied to the following items are documented: boundary, baseline year, methodology, operational data, emission factors and other parameters.
|
| Calculated emission and check calculation |
1. Check whether the greenhouse gas emitter, parameters and conversion coefficients have been properly marked.
2. Check whether the greenhouse gas emitter is properly marked and used correctly during the calculation process.
3. Check the conversion coefficient.
4. Check the data processing steps in the table.
5. Check the input data and calculation data in the table. There should be a clear distinction.
6. Check a representative sample of calculations.
7. Check the calculation with a simple algorithm.
8. Check the total data of different emission source categories and different public institutions.
9. Check the consistency between input and calculation among different time and chronological series.
|
2 The quality verification contents of specific greenhouse gas verification are shown in the following table.
Table 5 Quality Verification Contents of Specific Greenhouse Gas Verification
| Verification Type | Key Work |
| Emission factors and other parameters |
1. Whether the references of emission factors and other parameters are appropriate.
2. Whether the units of factors or parameters are consistent with those of activity data.
3. Whether the unit conversion factor is correct.
|
| Activity data |
1. Whether the data collection is continuous.
2. Whether the relevant data over the years have consistent changes.
3. Cross-comparison of activity data from similar facilities/departments.
4. Whether the activity data is correlated with product capacity.
5. Whether the activity data have changed due to base year recalculation.
|
| Emission calculation |
1. Whether the built-in formula of the computer's emission calculation is correct.
2. Whether the emission estimates over the years are consistent.
3. Cross-comparison of emissions from similar facilities/sectors.
4. Difference between measured values and emission estimates.
5. Whether the emission is correlated with product capacity.
|
Chapter IV Responsibilities and Objectives of the Report
4.1 Responsibilities of the Report
This report is prepared on a voluntary basis and is only used to understand the carbon emissions within the life cycle system boundaries of the energy-saving aluminum-wrapped wooden windows produced by Harbin Sayyas Windows Stock Co., Ltd.
4.2 Objectives of the Report
1. Help manage the Company's greenhouse gas performance and respond early to national and international trends.
2. Learn about the carbon emission information of this product.